Migraţia forţei de muncă / Labour Migration

Potrivit unui studiu McKinsey România, filiala  celei mai mari companie de consultanţă de strategie din lume, aspectele deficitare din piaţa forţei de muncă încep să influenţeze negativ deciziile investiţionale.  Un puternic atu în trecut, începe acum să slăbească datorită fluxurilor migraţionale nefavorabile.  Cel mai puternic flux migraţional din ultimii cinci ani s-a orientat în cea mai mare parte din mediul rural către ţările vesteuropene, în primul rând Spania şi Italia, estimativ un număr de 250.000 a 300.000 de persoane pe an. Deasemenea şi mediul urban a pierdut în favoarea Vestului european şi nu numai, aproximativ 100.000 de persoane anual cu calificări diverse. Datorită acestei migraţii numărul locurilor de muncă din România a rămas relativ constant în ultimii patru la cinci ani şi rămâne la un nivel scăzut de sub cinci milioane. Ne sunt cunoscute foarte multe situaţii practice în care numărul de locuri de muncă rămase neocupate este semnificativ, deasemenea există din ce în ce multe încercări de import de forţă de muncă din Asia.  Totuşi observăm cel puţin doi factori noi care ar putea inversa trendul: Industriile care intră definitiv pe panta descendentă (în special cea textilă) şi care eliberează aproximativ 50.000 persoane anual şi o anumită reducere a tendinţei de emigrare cu redirecţionare către mediul urban românesc împreună cu un anumit flux de reîntoarcere în contextul crizei financiare mondiale. Însumând aceşti factori putem concluziona că bazinul de recrutare se va lărgi anual cu 100.000 de persoane, permiţînd astfel o creştere anuală a numărului de locuri de muncă cu 2,5 la 3,5 %.

According to a study done by McKinsey România, subsidiary of the world largest company of strategic consulting, the shortage on the labour market starts to have a negative impact on investment decisions. What we could once call a strong point is now getting weaker because of unfavourableworkforce migration. The biggest labour migration over the last five years originates especially from rural areas. The targets are Western European countries, mainly Spain and Italy, reaching roughly from 250.000 to 300.000 people annually. Urban areas have also lost on a yearly basis in favour of Western Europe about 100.000 people with different qualifications. Due to this migration, the number of work places in Romania is relatively constant over the last four to five years with a downward level of under five millions. Situations in which the number ofvacant work places is significant are well-known, so that there are an increasing number of attempts to import workforce from Asia.  Nevertheless, we can notice at least two new factors which might reverse this trend: Industries which experience a permanent downward growth level (especially textiles) and lay off about 50.000 people every year and the decreasing trend of emigration, Romanian people are coming back to urban areas of Romania in the context of the world financial crisis. By looking at these factors, we can draw the conclusion that the recruiting pool will grow on a yearly basis by 100.000 people, which can lead to an annual growth in the number of work places from 2,5 to 3,5 %.

Doar jumatate dintre angajatii romani sunt motivate / Less than half of Romanian Employees motivated

Doar 46 % dintre romani spun ca se implica la locul de munca si ca motivatia lor este in crestere, in timp ce 8 % dintre angajati se declara dezamagiti si spun ca motivatia lor la serviciu este in scadere.
“Numarul angajatilor motivati la locul de munca a scazut anul acesta, fata de anul trecut, cu 3 %, totusi, la capitolul implicare, angajatii romani sunt motivati si implicati in munca, la niveluri comparabile cu cei din tarile europene participante la ancheta”, spune Philippe Blécon, director general al Accor Services Romania, unul dintre cei mai importanti emitenti de tichete de beneficii extrasalariale. Potrivit studiului realizat de Accor Services si Institutul de Cercetare Ipsos Research, 7 % dintre angajatii romani se considera stresati, in timp ce 3 % se implica putin sau deloc in activitatile de serviciu, potrivit studiului despre motivatia si asteptarile salariatilor la locul de munca. Cei mai multumiti de calitatea vietii profesionale sunt angajatii din sistemul bancar si IT&C, in timp ce angajatii din comert sunt cei mai dezamagiti in ceea ce priveste viata profesionala. Femeile sunt mai multumite de calitatea vietii profesionale decat barbatii. Cei mai nemultumiti de conditiile de lucru si de atmosfera la locul de munca sunt angajatii cu venituri nete sub 500 de lei, in timp ce printre cei multumiti se numara angajatii cu venituri peste 1.500 de lei, care lucreaza in administratia publica locala si in domeniul IT&C. Nivelul de multumire cu privire la conditiile de munca scade fata de 2007, atat in sectorul privat, cat si in cel public. In comparatie cu angajatii din restul tarilor europene, angajatii romani manifesta mai multa nemultumire fata de acest aspect.

Only 46 % of the Romanian employees say that they participate actively in their workplace and that their level of motivation is growing, whereas 8 % of the employees state that they are disappointed and that their level of professional motivation is decreasing.
“The number of motivated employees has decreased this year with respect to the previous year by 3 %; nevertheless, regarding active participation, Romanian employees are motivated and committed to their work at a similar level as employees coming from other European countries participant to the survey”, states Philippe Blécon, general manager of Accor Services Romania, one of the most important actors offering meal tickets and other bonus tickets. According to a study performed by Accor Services together with Ipsos Research Institute, 7 % of the Romanian employees consider themselves stressed, whereas 3 % are not much or not at all active participants in work activities, according to a study on the motivations and expectations of employees at their workplace. The most satisfied of the quality of their professional life are employees working in the banking and IT&C sectors, whereas those working in trade are the most disappointed about their professional life. Women are more satisfied that men with the quality of their professional life. The most unsatisfied with the work conditions and work environment are the employees having net revenues less than RON 500, whereas employees earning more than RON 1.500, working in the local public administration and in IT&C prove to be among the most satisfied ones. The satisfaction level regarding the work conditions has registered a decrease with respect to 2007, both in the private and public sectors. As compared to employees from all other European countries, Romanian employees prove to be less satisfied in this respect.